- Conflict broke out immediately after independence
- Punjab, Kashmir, various other states
- Had largest human migration ever seen
- Hindus and Sikhs went to India and Muslims went to Pakistan
- Jawaharlal Nehru became Prime Minister in 1947, soon after Independence
- Implemented 5 year plan to industrialize, make food, and increase living standards
- This was difficult as India was made up of several states
- These states often fought with one another, usually due to ethnic differences
- Nehru wanted to combine democracy and socialism to make an ideal state
- A large goal of his was basic human rights for all Indians
- Nehru went on to become a the leader of the third world